TENSES (COMPLETED WORKS)
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Mainly there are 4 kinds of Completed Works. They are called Simple Past Tense, Past Perfect tense, Present Perfect Tense and Future Perfect Tense. In-fact all these four give the same sense but there is difference in time. According to those timings we have to use 2nd and 3rd forms of Main verb.
At first we learn how to say the Completed Works with 2nd form of Main Verb. It is called Past form. It is used in Simple Past Actions. It is derived by adding the Helping Verb 'did' to the 1st form of Main Verb.
That means: did + M.V 1st form = M.V 2nd form.
Did + go = went.
Did + play = played.
Did + work = worked.
Did + write = wrote.
Did + ask = asked.
Did + put = put.
NOTE: For the clarity of the forms of 2nd and 3rd forms of Main Verb you can refer "Verb" chapter particularly "Regular and Irregular Verbs".
IMPORTANT POINTS:
- Generally this 2nd form is used directly without Helping Verb support particularly in positive statements.
- But if a speaker doesn't know the 2nd form of the Main Verb he can use did+ M.V 1st form even in the positive statements in the place of 2nd form.
- The negative statements and questions as usual and said with did + 1st form only.
- But when we apply the object rule (Passive Voice) we must use the Past "Be" forms like was / were + M.V 3rd form.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE:
The completed works which are said with the 2nd form of the Main Verbs are related to Simple Past Tense. Here it says about the works when they were done exactly, that means when we say the completed works at what time we did and on which day / month they were done and in which year we did it and which period ago we did the works etc.
These timings are as follows:
Yesterday
Last week
Last year
Last month
Last day
On Monday, Thursday etc,
On 10th, 20th etc,
In 2005, 1900 etc,
10 days ago, 2 weeks ago, 6 months ago, 5 years ago etc.
Examples
Sub: Sub + M.V 2nd form (did+ 1st form) + ...........
They started the business in 2005 (or)
They did start the business in 2005.
They did not start the business in 2005.
Did they start the business in 2005?
Didn't they start the business in 2005?
When did they start the business in 2005?
Obj: Obj + was / were + M.V 3rd form..........
Business was started.
Business was not started.
Was the business started?
Wasn't the business started? (or) Was the business not started?
When was their business started?
Some more examples with 2nd form:
They went to market at 10am.
He helped me 2 weeks ago.
She woke up at 6am.
Rama submitted the project on 10th of last month.
We sent the applications 10 days ago.
My sister got the job 5 years ago.
We visited Agra last year.
DIRECT OBJECT:
My money was wasted last week.
Checks were bounced yesterday.
A seminar was conducted one hour ago.
Their house was sold out last year.
Work was started 10 minutes ago.
Debts were cleared 2 months ago.
INDIRECT OBJECT:
My father was promoted last year.
He was disappointed yesterday.
My uncle was operated last week.
My friend was selected for I.P.S 6 months ago.
They were appointed last week.
WORK PLAN:
1. Write at-least 10-20 sentences on your own on the basis of completed
works related to Simple Past.
2. Have the oral practice having the consciousness on meaning including
sentences and questions.
DIRECT OBJECT:
My money was wasted last week.
Checks were bounced yesterday.
A seminar was conducted one hour ago.
Their house was sold out last year.
Work was started 10 minutes ago.
Debts were cleared 2 months ago.
INDIRECT OBJECT:
My father was promoted last year.
He was disappointed yesterday.
My uncle was operated last week.
My friend was selected for I.P.S 6 months ago.
They were appointed last week.
WORK PLAN:
1. Write at-least 10-20 sentences on your own on the basis of completed
works related to Simple Past.
2. Have the oral practice having the consciousness on meaning including
sentences and questions.
Continue to .... Part - 8