ACTION PART (TENSES)
ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
Before stating the lessons of Action Part we must understand that the Simple, Completed and Continuous works are totally "Twelve", when they are said with Time means "at what time they are done, at what time they were done and at what time they are going on. Generally these twelve in a simple words are called "Timely Actions". We can call them as twelve tenses.
In these 12 tenses two are similar in the meaning. They are "Simple Present Tense" and "Simple Future Tense". They say what we do. So, we say that the simple works are of two kinds.
In the rest of 10 tenses Four are similar in the meaning. They are Simple Past Tense, Past Perfect Tense, Present Perfect Tense and Future Perfect Tense. They say what we did. So we say that the Completed Works are four kinds.
The rest of Six tenses are similar in the meaning. They are Present Continuous Tense, Present Perfect Continuous Tense, Past Continuous Tense, Past Perfect Continuous Tense, Future Continuous Tense and Future Perfect Continuous Tense. They say what we are doing means Continuous Actions. So, we say that the continuous works are six kinds.
The application of the rules of Subject and Object (Active and Passive is given in the below table.
ACTIVE RULE PASSIVE RULE
SIMPLE WORKS:
Simple Present Simple Present
Do / Does + M.V 1st form Am / Is / Are + M.V 3rd form.
Simple Future Simple Future
Will / Shall + M.V 1st form Will / Shall + be + M.V 3rd form.
COMPLETED WORKS
Simple Past Simple Past
Did + M.V 1st form (or) Was / Were + M.V 3rd form.
M.V 2nd form.
Past Perfect Past Perfect
Has / Have + M. V 3rd form. Has / Have + Been + M.V 3rd form.
Future Perfect Future Perfect
Will / Shall + have + M.V 3rd form. Will / Shall + have + been +
M.V 3rd form.
CONTINUOUS WORKS:
Present Continuous Present Continuous
Am / is / are + M.V 'ing' form. Am / is / are + being +
M.V 3rd form.
Past Continuous Past Continuous
Was / Were + M.V 'Ing' form. Was / Were + Being + M.V 3rd form
Future Continuous Future Continuous
Will / Shall + be + M.V 'Ing' form. --------------
Present Perfect Continuous
Has / Have + been + M.V 'Ing' form. -----------------
Past Perfect Continuous
Had + been + 'Ing' form. ------------------
Future Perfect Continuous
Will / Shall + have + been + 'Ing' form. -------------------
NOTE: Four Continuous tenses are not applied with Passive rule.
Now we can study all the above things in detail as usually by learning how to say with 100% guarantee and with below 100% guarantee by observing how the two rules are applied in each and every structure one by one.
Continue to ...... Part - 4